T E C H N O L O G I E DOUBLE COAT Paintsystems
2 3 Coating systems - Introduction The product range includes materials for the protection and beautification of steel, aluminium, wood, epoxy, polyester and various other composite materials. The products can be divided into the following product groups: IJmopox Low-solvent, two-component epoxy products for steel and aluminium. These products are also suitable for the treatment of polyester under the water line, for example, for preventing osmosis or for the repair of damage caused by osmosis. Variopox Solvent-free epoxy products for the repair and maintenance of wooden boats. These products can also be used for the protection of a polyester or epoxy laminate, for laminating and for gluing of different materials. This range also includes a complete line of two-component fillers. These fillers are suitable for minor repairs, but also for the complete fairing of the hull: a suitable filler is available for all work types. Poltix Repair materials and fillers based on unsaturated polyester for the repair and maintenance of polyester surfaces. Double Coat With Double Coat, surfaces made of polyester, steel, aluminium, wood or epoxy receive a high quality and durable two-component polyurethane coating system, with long-lasting colour and gloss. De IJssel Coatings strives to develop products that impair humans and nature as little as possible. Your Double Coat dealer and we are happy to advise you in detail about usage and applications of our products. More information can be found on our website www.de-ijssel-coatings.nl De IJssel Coatings offers a complete range of paint products for construction, repair and maintenance of ships and yachts. The products of this range are carefully matched to each other so that each product combination (the coating system) provides optimal protection against the effects of sun, wind and water. In addition, these materials are characterized by their durability and simplicity of use. Introduction Coating systems Contents Introduction coating systems 3 Coating systems for Polyester 4 Coating systems for Steel 8 Coating systems for Aluminium 10 Coating systems for Wood 12 IJmopox products 16 • Applications 16 • Product overview 18 Variopox products 20 • Coating applications 20 • Putty applications 22 • Construction materials 23 • Product overview 26 Poltix products 34 • Applications 34 • Product overview 36 Double Coat products 40 • Applications 40 • Product overview 42 Practical tips 47 Working safely 51 System guide 53
4 5 Pretreatment If you wish to paint a polyester finish, you must first clean the gelcoat. For this, you can use warm water with liquid soap. After the surface has dried, clean it with a degreaser, for example, with Double Coat degreaser. This will remove any traces of wax, silicone and solvents. Then you can sand with a suitable grit size abrasive paper. Afterwards, clean the surface again with a generous amount of degreaser. Old layers of paint are best removed by sanding. Do not use a paint stripper or a heat gun, because you could then damage the surface. Filler If a gel coat has more severe damage, it can be repaired with a filler. For repairs below the water line, we recommend one of the Variopox fillers. For quick repairs above the water line you can use a polyester filler, Poltix Superfiller or IJmofix for example. Always sand the repaired areas and touch up with the first layer of the paint system. Crackle Due to the intensive use of the boat, the gelcoat will become slightly damaged. These areas can later develop hairline cracks and crackle. IJmopox ZF primer is a good way to repair these cracks. Sand the surface and perhaps sand the small cracks away. Using a brush, apply a general coat of IJmopox ZF primer and with the aid of a rubber spatula bring the primer into the cracks. Afterwards, remove excess IJmopox ZF primer from the surface. It may be necessary to repeat the treatment until all the cracks are sealed thoroughly. After sanding, apply a full coat of IJmopox ZF Primer. Microporosity Heavily weathered polyester may show small holes, called microporosity. These holes are sometimes smaller than the head of a pin. When one applies Double Coat over a microporous surface, this might lead to the formation of small bubbles in the paint. By pretreating weathered Because of exposure to sunlight and through contact with (salt) water, a gelcoat requires, after several years, maintenance and protection. Because of exposure to sunlight and through contact with (salt) water, a gelcoat requires, after several years, maintenance and protection. The gloss of the gelcoat decreases through ultraviolet radiation. A boat wax or cleaner can delay this process or stop it for a while, but ultimately a new colour layer is necessary to restore long-lasting gloss and protection. Polyester or GRP consists of glass- reinforced polyester resin. Polyester has many advantages; a well-maintained polyester boat has a long life. In general, polyester consists of several layers: the gelcoat and the laminate. The gelcoat is the outer coloured layer of the polyester hull. This layer is approximately one millimetre thick. Behind the gelcoat is the laminate. This laminate consists of several layers of polyester resin reinforced with glass fibre or a glass fabric. Coating systems for Polyester Coating systems for Polyester 5
6 7 Coating system overview De IJssel Coatings has developed a variety of products with which the damage discussed above may be easily and purposely prevented or repaired. Here are some examples. Order 1 2 3 4 5 Area Double Coat degreaser Variopox injection resin IJmopox ZF primer Variopox filler Variopox Finishing Filler T5 Variopox LG filler Variopox finishing filler Variopox Topcoat XD Variopox Rolcoating IJmopox HB coating Double Coat POLYESTER Osmosis repair 1 5 Under the waterline 4 Above the waterline 1 3 Deck 1 3 Superstructure 1 3 Behind the panelling 2 = Recommended = Optional/if necessary 1, 2 etc = Number of layers when applied with brush or roller and type of water play an important role in the formation of osmosis. Osmosis is the result of a chemical reaction between water and the soluble materials in the laminate. This results in a salt solution, which in turn attracts more water, whereby the process is accelerated. The final result is an increase in the volume, which is visible as blisters in the gelcoat filled with a brown or gray-green substance which smells like vinegar. De IJssel Coatings offers a variety of materials to prevent and repair osmosis. polyester with IJmopox ZF primer, this micro porosity is filled and a good base is obtained for further treatment with Double Coat. Osmosis Osmosis occurs when water is absorbed into the polyester laminate. Causes for osmosis may be the quality of the gelcoat used, the combination of glass and polyester resin with which the laminate was constructed, or the craftsmanship with which the boat was built. Also, temperature Coating systems for Polyester Aricom Yacht Services 7
8 9 Pretreatment For a long-lasting protection of steel, the quality of the pretreatment is a crucial factor for success. Careful pretreatment of new construction is done by grit blasting, for example, to ISO Sa 21⁄2. Grit blasting is the safest and fastest method which should be carried out by specialized companies. In the course of maintenance, rust and other impurities are removed by sanding the steel blank up to ISO St 3 with sanding discs with a particle size P24 to P36. Welding primers New steel is usually coated with a so-called shop primer or welding primer. If this steel is used below the waterline, it must be checked whether the shop or welding primer used is suitable for this use. If this is not the case, you have to remove the shop primer to prevent later formation of blisters. It is advisable to match the welding primer to the selected coating system. Sharp corners, welding seams and spots Sharp edges and corners should be rounded to a diameter of approximately 3 mm wherever possible. Sharp welding seams and spots (weld spatter) must be sanded smooth or removed. A coating system is most sensitive at sharp surfaces. Damage in these areas can quickly lead to rust. Filler We recommend Variopox epoxy filler when it is necessary to repair the surface or for fairing the surface. Use the filler only on steel that has been treated with a sufficiently thick layer of primer, such as IJmopox ZF primer. Limit the amount of filler below the water line to a minimum. Coating system overview De IJssel Coatings has developed a variety of products with which steel may be easily and purposely protected. Here are some examples. oxygen steel reacts to iron oxide. In this case, a coating system from De IJssel Coatings is the right solution. Steel is not only strong but also flexible. A collision may result in a dent in the steel. A dent in the steel can lead to a crack in the paint system. Water has free play through the crack or fissure and corrosion can result. It is therefore important to check the paint system after a collision and repair it if necessary. Steel is used as a building material for the construction of yachts due to its strength, ease of fabrication and water tightness. The great strength in relation to the plate thickness in combination with the ability to cut, bend, and weld makes steel particularly well suited for the hull or superstructure. Although steel is an extremely versatile building material, it oxidizes. The most common form is rust. Under the influence of (salt) water and Coating systems for Steel Coating systems for Steel Order 1 2 3 4 5 Area Double Coat degreaser IJmopox ZF primer Variopox filler Variopox Finishing Filler T5 Variopox LG filler Variopox Finishing filler Variopox Topcoat XD Variopox Rolcoating IJmopox HB coating Double Coat Double Coat Anti-slip STEEL Under the waterline 2 3 Above the waterline 1 2 3 Deck 1 2 3 1 Superstructure 1 2 3 Behind the panelling 1 2 = Recommended = Optional/if necessary 1, 2 etc = Number of layers when applied with brush or roller 9
10 11 carried out by specialized companies. Another method is to first degrease the aluminium with, for example, Double Coat degreaser and then to sand it blank with grit paper suitable for aluminium. The sanded surface must be treated as soon as possible with the first coat of primer, such as IJmopox ZF primer. Galvanic corrosion Aluminium combines poorly with other metals such as copper and (stainless) steel. Such combinations result in galvanic corrosion. The aluminium will be destroyed and damaged very rapidly. Therefore, it is not recommended to treat aluminium boats with an antifouling paint containing copper or copper salt. Filler We recommend Variopox Filler if it is necessary to repair the surface or for fairing the surface. Use the filler only on aluminium that has been treated with a sufficiently thick layer of primer, such as IJmopox ZF primer. Limit the amount of filler below the water line to a minimum. this oxide layer. Therefore, it is necessary to provide aluminium with a coating system. Aluminium is also sensitive when it comes to tension; think metal fatigue. Through metal fatigue cracks in the welds may be produced. This applies especially for light boats which are placed under heavy demands. Pretreatment To achieve long-term protection, it is necessary to pretreat aluminium well. This is achieved by blasting with aluminium oxide grit. Blasting is the safest and fastest method, which should be Steel is often replaced by aluminium in the construction of yachts. Aluminium is lighter than steel and is less sensitive to collisions. Although aluminium is lighter, it still oxidizes just as steel does. In the course of the oxidation process, a white layer is formed on the aluminium. This is a corrosion product that can protect the aluminium from further corrosion, but this protection is not permanent. If this oxidation layer is damaged, its protective effect decreases. For a long-lasting protection, a layer of paint is recommended. Fresh and salt water also corrode Coating systems for Aluminium Coating systems for Aluminium Order 1 2 3 4 5 Area Double Coat degreaser IJmopox ZF primer Variopox Filler Variopox Finishing Filler T5 Variopox LG filler Variopox Finishing Filler Variopox Topcoat XD Variopox Rolcoating IJmopox HB coating Double Coat Double Coat Anti-slip ALUMINIUM Under the waterline 2 3 Above the waterline 1 2 3 Deck 1 2 3 1 Superstructure 1 2 3 Behind the panelling 1 2 = Recommended = Optional/if necessary 1, 2 etc = Number of layers when applied with brush or roller Coating system overview De IJssel Coatings has developed a variety of products with which aluminium may be easily and purposely protected. Here are some examples. 11
12 13 • Iroko Iroko is an oily hardwood species. Iroko is water-resistant, wear-resistant and durable. • Oak Oak is a hardwood species with a long life. When oak wood comes into contact with dark steel, spots can develop. Oak wood is used for interior panelling, frames, etc. Many old sloops are made of oak. Because of its leaching properties, oak is a difficult substrate for paint systems. • Softwood These woods come from trees that grow faster than hardwoods. The fibres are longer and farther apart. Therefore, the strength lies mainly in the longitudinal direction and therefore softwoods are used primarily for masts and poles. Soft woods require added protection from a coating system. Moisture level For long-lasting protection, it is necessary to pretreat wood well. A crucial factor for success is the moisture content. Moisture in the wood looks for a balance with the environment in which the wood is stored. If the environment is very humid, the wood will have a high degree of moisture content. For good painting, the moisture level must not be higher than 12 percent. The moisture content can be measured with special moisture meters. Wood rot Under the influence of water, wood can rot. Small areas of rotting wood pieces can be removed. Alternatively, the area can be repaired with Variopox Filler or Variobond after the wood has dried. Always apply a first layer of Variopox Injection resin as an adhesive layer. If larger pieces of wood are affected by rot, these should to be replaced with new wood. Variobond can be used for bonding the new pieces to the old structure. Pretreatment New wood must be dry and free of grease and oil. Extra care must be used when dealing with • Mahogany Mahogany is a hardwood species that is used for planking or for interiors. Mahogany needs little protection in sea water. In freshwater, rot can occur and protection is therefore necessary. • Teak Teak is a hardwood species with a long life. Teak contains oil and is water-resistant, it is wear-resistant and durable. Teak is used for deck material, outside equipment and indoor applications. Teak is a difficult material for coating systems. Wood combines strength with flexibility. Wood is a natural product that can be easily moulded into beautiful shapes and designs. As a natural material, wood has some disadvantages, such as moisture content and shrinkage. Wood consists of fibres that can absorb moisture. Thus, it can stretch or shrink. Moisture in the wood can lead to mould growth and wood rot. Hardwood or softwood The following types of wood are often used in the construction of yachts: Coating systems for Wood Coating systems for Wood 13
14 15 When a transparent finish is desired, one can use Double Coat Dubbel UV, Double Coat Karaat or Jachtlak Polyurethane (high-gloss or semigloss). Double Coat Karaat is particularly suitable for the restoration of the original colour of discoloured or weathered wood, or to accentuate the colour of new wood. The best adhesion of a transparent coating system is achieved by first using a layer Variopox Injection resin as a base. Sand this layer well after drying and then continue with Double Coat Karaat, Double Coat Dubbel UV or Double Coat Cabin Varnish. The adhesion and durability of this system remains dependent on the quality and age of the wood. To build up the layer thickness faster, consider applying 2 to 3 coats of Variopox Topcoat XD. Allow these layers to fully cure and avoid sanding too finely before continuing with Double Coat Carat, Double UV, Cabin Varnish, or Yacht Lacquer PU. Coat degreaser is an alternative. Sand new wood in the direction of the wood grain with P60 to P80 grain and then increasingly with P100 to P220. Always use a suitable dust mask as protection against sanding residues, especially if sanding hardwood. Filler We recommend Variopox Filler when it is necessary to repair the surface or for fairing the surface. Only use filler on wood which is sufficiently primed withVariopox Injection resin or Variopox Impregnating resin. Limit the amount of filler under the water line to a minimum. Coating system overview De IJssel Coatings has developed a variety of products with which wood may be easily and purposely protected. These products are divided into two groups: products for a finish in a solid colour and products for a transparent finish. oily and resinous wood. In the application of twocomponent systems one must avoid degreasing with ammonia, thinner or mineral spirits. Double Coating systems for Wood Order 1 2 3 4 5 6 Area Double Coat degreaser Variopox injection resin Variopox impregnating resin Variopox filler Variopox Finishing Filler T5 Variopox LG filler Variopox Finishing filler Variopox Topcoat XD Variopox Rolcoating IJmopox HB coating Double Coat Double Coat Anti-slip WOOD Under the waterline 1 2 3 Above the waterline 1 1 5 Deck 1 1 5 1 Superstructure 1 1 5 Behind the panelling 1 1 2 = Recommended = Optional/if necessary 1, 2 etc = Number of layers when applied with brush or roller Order 1 2 3 4 5 Area Variopox injection resin Variopox Topcoat XD Double Coat Karaat Double Coat Dubbel UV Double Coat Cabin Varnish Jachltak PU WOOD Transparent 1 5 Transparent, Karaat 1 2 3 Transparent, interior 1 4 Transparent, 1K 5 = Recommended = Optional/if necessary 1, 2 etc = Number of layers when applied with brush or roller If a finish in colour is desired, you can choose products from this table: For a transparent finish following products may be used: 15
16 17 and provides a good base for further application with Double Coat. Polyester – for the repair of crackle Old polyester may have hairline cracks and crackle. This damage is difficult to repair. IJmopox ZF primer, applied with a brush and then further applied with a rubber spatula, fills this crackle and creates a smooth surface for further application with Double Coat. Polyester – repair for osmosis If polyester under the waterline shows serious signs of osmosis, the gelcoat must be completely removed. After cleaning, rinsing and drying, a layer of Variopox Injection resin may be applied as an adhesive layer, especially if the glass fibres are exposed on the surface. If in doubt, seek advice from your dealer. After sanding, five layers of IJmopox HB coating will provide good protection against osmosis. Polyester – prevention of osmosis When a polyester hull is submerged in water over a long period of time, blisters may form, called osmosis. After thoroughly degreasing and sanding, four layers of IJmopox HB coating offers enough protection to prevent osmosis. Steel or aluminium – primer for the prevention of corrosion As an anti-corrosion primer IJmopox ZF primer is ideal for pre-treated steel and pre-treated aluminium. This primer prevents corrosion and works as an adhesion layer for intermediate layers such as IJmopox HB coating. Wood – protection under the waterline IJmopox HB Coating is suitable as a protective barrier under the waterline for different types of wood. IJmopox HB Coating is a high solids coating, with which rapidly film thickness can be built up. IJmopox products are low-solvent, two-component epoxy products that are easy to apply by brush, roller, or spray. The following applications of this product are possible: Applications Polyester – filling primer for microporosity Weathered and old polyester can have small holes the size of pinheads, called microporosity. If a microporous substrate is coated, small bubbles arise in the paint. IJmopox ZF fills these small holes IJmopox Products IJmopox - available as: • IJmopox ZF Primer • IJmopox HB Coating • IJmopox Thinner Applications and product overview - IJmopox 17
Applications and product overview - IJmopox 18 19 IJmopox HB Coating High quality epoxy coating with a high solids content. Steel and aluminium should be pre-treated first with IJmopox ZF primer. Pre-treat wood with Variopox injection resin. Suitable for the prevention or repair of osmosis on polyester boats. Features • High solids • Can be applied at low temperatures • Long pot life Additional information Suitable for Polyester, wood, steel, aluminium and various composites Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 3 : 1 (volume) Application temperature 5 to 25 ºC Pot life 5 hours Touch-dry after 2 hours Next coat after 8 hours Colours White, black or grey, RAL colours on request Spreading rate 5 to 12 m² per litre per coat Thinner IJmopox thinner Packaging Sets of 750 ml, 4 l and 20 l IJmopox Felt Roller Special Felt roller for applying IJmopox HB Coating or IJmopox ZF primer. Features • Professional roller • for a smooth finish Additional information Packaging Set of 2 pieces, box with 10 pieces IJmopox ZF Primer Anti corrosion two-component epoxy primer for steel and aluminium. Due to its good filling properties, IJmopox ZF primer is also used for polyester surfaces with microporosity. Features • Excellent adhesion • Can be applied at low temperatures • Prevents corrosion Additional information Suitable for Polyester, steel and aluminium and various composites Mixing ratio Base : Hardener = 4 : 1 (volume) Application temperature 5 to 25 ºC Pot life 8 hours Touch dry after 2 hours Next coat after 15 hours Colour White Spreading rate 6 to 11 m² per litre per coat Thinner IJmopox thinner Packaging Sets of 750 ml, 5 l and 20 l IJmopox Thinner Special thinner, which is to be used for diluting IJmopox ZF primer and IJmopox HB coating. Further, IJmopox Thinner is ideal for cleaning brushes, rollers and spray guns that were used during application. Additional information Packaging 500 ml, 1000 ml and 5 l Product overview
20 21 Wood - Preservation Due to its excellent water vapour tightness, Variopox epoxy resin provides excellent protection for wood. Highly absorbent wood types can be pre-treated with Variopox Injection Resin. This product penetrates deep into the wood and contributes to good preservation. For the best results, wood and porous surfaces can be coated with one layer of Variopox Injection Resin. After bonding (with, for example, Variobond epoxy adhesive) or another treatment, 1 to 2 layers of Variopox Impregnating Resin or Variopox Universal Resin are necessary for complete preservation. This can then be finished with a UV-resistant Double Coat lacquer in colour or transparent. Wood - Restoration Wooden ships that have developed localized wood rot over the years can be excellently restored using Variopox epoxy resin. For this, the old wood must be carefully removed, down to the sound wood. It is important to let the wood dry completely. Afterward, the wood is saturated with Variopox Injection Resin, and the original section is reformed with Variobond. If a large area has been removed, Variobond can be used as an alternative to glue new wood between the existing wood. The new wood must first be preserved with Variopox Injection Resin. All Surfaces - Behind Panelling For finishing laminated fibreglass, bilges, sanitary spaces, floors, and spaces behind ship panelling, a universal solvent-free epoxy coating called Variopox Roll Coating has been developed. Variopox Roll Coating is a light thixotropic, two-component epoxy coating free of solvents. It‘s easy to apply with a roller, even in poorly ventilated spaces. Variopox Roll Coating is resistant to water, oil, grease, petrol, gasoline, and various chemicals. To achieve a uniform and durable result, it is recommended to apply multiple layers. To achieve good adhesion to the substrate, steel and aluminium should be pre-treated with IJmopox ZF primer. Epoxy resins are extremely versatile in their application and are used for preser- ving, restoring, filling, finishing, lamina- ting, and bonding. Epoxy materials are nowadays indispensable in new construction, repair, or maintenance of ships. Coating Applications Variopox epoxy materials are solvent-free. It is possible to apply these materials to almost any surface. All Variopox materials consist of two components that must be mixed together directly before use. Variopox Products Variopox - available as: • Variopox Injection resin • Variopox Impregnating resin • Variopox Universal resin • Variopox Rolcoating • Variopox Topcoat XD • Variobond • Variobond Flex • Variopox Filler • Variopox Finishing Filler T5 • Variopox Finishing Filler • Variopox LG Filler Applications and product overview - Variopox 21
22 23 the best choice for touch-ups of small damage or filling small holes. Both Variopox putties are available in small packages and are easy to sand. Repairs above and below the waterline can be carried out with these. All Surfaces - Large Repairs Larger repairs can be effectively done with Variopox Putty. To achieve optimal durability, we recommend treating the repaired areas with IJmopox HB coating after puttying. This is often not necessary for smaller repairs. All Surfaces - New Construction and Full Renovation If you need to smooth out an entire hull or fill a very large repair, it is wise to use a combination of putties. After applying one or more layers of Variopox LG Putty, you should sand the putty smooth and into shape. To achieve a smooth surface, Variopox Finishing putty can be applied as the final layer. The entire surface should be sealed with a layer of IJmopox reinforce the hull with reinforcing fabric. For smaller surfaces finished with a coloured Double Coat or when the wood needs to remain visible, Variopox Twill Weave fabric is used. This particular type of fabric becomes invisible after impregnating it with Variopox Impregnating Resin or Variopox Universal Resin. If you then coat the surface with Double Coat Karaat and/or Double Coat Double UV, it is possible to invisibly reinforce this surface with Variopox Impregnating Resin and Variopox Twill Weave fabric. When a very large surface is finished in a colour after laminating, multiple layers of Variopox UD fabric are the best solution. By laying one layer diagonally over the object and placing subsequent layers crisscross over it, a laminate is created that has good strength in all directions. An example of an object reinforced in this way is a wood core hull. Putty Applications For every job, repair, or new construction, a suitable Variopox putty is available. Each type of putty has its own specific properties and applications. The differences between these putties lie mainly in sandability, processing characteristics, and grain size. Variopox Finishing Putty & Variopox Finishing Filler T5 excel in achieving a high level of finish. What makes Variopox Finishing Filler T5 special is its ability to be processed at low temperatures from 5°C. Variopox LG Putty is easy to work with and can be sanded effortlessly after curing, although it has a coarse texture. These properties make Variopox LG Putty suitable for levelling large surfaces above the waterline. After sanding, this putty should be finished with Variopox Finishing putty. Variopox Putty combines the best of both, making it a universal putty suitable for small and large repairs. All Surfaces - Small Repairs Variopox putty or Variopox Finishing Filler T5 is HB coating after sanding. Below the waterline, it is advisable to use as little putty as possible. Construction materials In addition to preserving and restoring wood, Variopox epoxy resin products are the most suitable epoxy materials for laminating and bonding various construction materials. Laminating and bonding can be carried out using Variopox resins or with additional reinforcement using one of the Variopox fibreglass fabrics. Wood - Laminating In the past, wooden ships were often coated with fibreglass-reinforced polyester resin. Nowadays, this is mainly done with epoxy resins. Various epoxy laminates can be easily applied in combination with suitable fibreglass fabrics. The advantage is that by applying a resin-rich finishing layer, a smooth surface can be achieved. The laminate is built up from thin layers, making it a straightforward process. First, a layer of Variopox epoxy resin is applied. The fabric is pressed into the wet epoxy resin layer. Typically, reinforcement materials are impregnated with resin using a brush or roller. When using a brush, a dabbing motion should be made from the centre of the object to be laminated, making stroking movements perpendicular to the fabric. After saturating the fabric with resin, air must be removed using a degassing roller, also done from the centre of the object. Multiple layers of fabric and resin can be applied wet-on-wet, without waiting for the previous layer to fully cure. The choice of fabric depends on the application and use of the component. After restoring or renovating a wooden hull, it is advisable to Applications and product overview - Variopox 23
24 25 Laminating with epoxy has several important advantages over laminating with polyester resin. For the same laminate thickness, an epoxy laminate is stronger. Epoxy resin contains no solvents and causes minimal shrinkage. Polyester resin contains a solvent which results in greater shrinkage in the final product. Wood - Bonding Due to the excellent adhesive properties of epoxy resins and their outstanding water resistance, epoxy resin adhesive bonds are finding increasingly widespread use in the watersports industry. Various types of connections are possible, and De IJssel Coatings has a suitable product for each type. A good pre-treatment of the surfaces to be bonded is a prerequisite for a strong adhesive connection. Due to capillary action or wood absorption at the end grains, a weaker adhesive Applications and product overview - Variopox Application Variopox connection may occur. Therefore, always pre-treat porous surfaces with Variopox Injection Resin. Large flat parts and veneer can be bonded after pre-treatment using Variopox Universal Resin. Due to the liquid properties of Variopox Universal Resin and the easy dosing with pumps, this product is highly suitable for bonding well-fitted flat parts. Wood - Joining By impregnating Variopox fabric tape with epoxy resin, it is possible to provide additional strength to a corner joint (with or without Variobond). Additionally, this method can easily seal a leaking connection, such as in a daggerboard case or keel. Unlike Twill Weave fabric, fabric tape will remain visible after laminating with Variopox Impregnating Resin or Universal Resin. Reinforcement Apply Variopox generously. Process reinforcement fabric directly into this layer. De-air the fabric with a flat brush and a degassing roller. Apply another layer after drying if necessary. First, use tape to create a sharp edge. Remove tape, resin, and fabric with a sharp knife after drying. Gluing JOINING: Apply Variopox universal on both parts. Thicken the mixture if necessary with sanding dust. Clamp the parts together. Allow the connection to dry. FABRIC TAPE: Temporarily secure the parts with tape or wire. Apply Variopox Impregnating or Universal resin. Process fabric tape directly into this layer. De-air the fabric. Apply another layer of Variopox Impregnating or Universal resin after drying. Preservation Pre-treatment Mixing Degrease and sand the surface carefully using the appropriate sandpaper. Remove the sanding dust and degrease for a second time. Then mix Variopox base and Variopox hardener carefully. Preserve with a layer of Variopox Injection Resin. Sand between each successive layer. 1x 1x Dosage Dose Variopox base and universal resin hardener by pressing each pump fully once, or weigh the components. 1x 2x base harder 25
26 27 Applications and product overview - Variopox Variopox Injection Resin A high-quality two-component primer. Used as the first layer on porous surfaces, including under the waterline. Contains no solvents. Features • Easy to apply • Highly water-resistant • Improves adhesion of Variopox Impregnating resin, Variobond, IJmopox HB Coating, etc. Additional information Suitable for Polyester, wood and woodcore Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 2 : 1 (by weight) Application temperature 15 to 25 ºC Pot life 30 minutes Touch-dry after 6 hours Next coat after 24 hours Spreading rate 4 to 8 m² per kg per layer Packaging Sets of 750 g and 7½ kg Variopox Impregnating Resin High-quality two-component epoxy system. To be used as a resin for bonding, preserving and laminating. Contains no solvents. Features • Easy to apply • Highly water-resistant • Can be recoated with IJmopox HB Coating or Double Coat. Additional information Suitable for Polyester, wood and woodcore Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 2 : 1 (by weight) Application temperature 15 to 25 ºC Pot life 20 minutes Touch-dry after 4 hours Next coat after 24 hours Spreading rate 6 to 8 m² per litre per layer Packaging Sets of 750 g and 7½ kg Product overview Variopox Universal Resin A universal two-component epoxy system. Used as a universal system for bonding, preserving and laminating. Contains no solvents. A practical set with two small dosing pumps is sold separately. Features • Easy to apply • Highly water-resistant • Can be recoated with IJmopox HB Coating or Double Coat. Additional information Suitable for Polyester, wood and woodcore Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 2 : 1 (by weight or volume) Application temperature 15 to 25 ºC Pot life 20 minutes Touch-dry after 4 hours Next coat after 24 hours Spreading rate 6 to 8 m² per litre per layer Packaging Sets of 1500 ml and 7½ l 27
28 29 Applications and product overview - Variopox Variopox Topcoat XD Variopox Topcoat XD is a two-component epoxy system with UV stabilisers. It is solvent-free and designed for use in casting or varnishing wooden substrates in thicker layers, such as table tops. It has a preservative effect and is highly water-resistant. It is compatible with Double Coat, Double Coat Double UV, or Double Coat Carat for overpainting. Features • Minimal yellowing • Resistant to a range of (household) chemicals • Excellent water- resistance • Can be overpainted with Double Coat, Double Coat Double UV, or Double Coat Carat. Additional information Suitable for Polyester, wood, steel, aluminium, and various composites Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 2 : 1 (volume) Application temperature 15 to 25 ºC Pot life 30 minutes Touch-dry after 4 hours Next coat after 24 hours Colours Transparent - high gloss Spreading rate 0,2 to 2 kg per m2 Packaging Sets of 750 g and 7½ kg Variopox Filler Two-component epoxy filler. For small repairs, also under the waterline. Contains no solvents. Features • Excellent adhesion • Easy to apply • Highly water-resistant Additional information Suitable for Polyester, wood, steel, aluminium and various synthetics Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 2 : 1 (by weight or volume) Application temperature 15 to 25 ºC Pot life 30 minutes Touch-dry after 2 hours Next coat after 48 hours Colours Light green Spreading rate Depending on application Packaging Sets of 1 kg and 5 kg Variobond Drip-free two-component epoxy resin. For the permanent bonding of various materials. Contains no solvents. Features • Excellent adhesion • Easy to apply • Highly water-resistant Additional information Suitable for Polyester, wood, steel, aluminium and various synthetics Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 2 : 1 (by weight or volume) Application temperature 15 to 25 ºC Pot life 40 minutes Touch-dry after 2 hours Next coat after 24 hours Colours Opal or Mahogany Spreading rate Depending on application Packaging 150 ml cartridge (Mahogany only), sets of 1 kg and 71/2 kg (Opal only) 29
30 31 Applications and product overview - Variopox Variobond Flex Variobond Flex is a two-component, drip-free epoxy resin, suitable for the durable bonding of various materials where permanent flexibility is desired. It contains no solvents. Features • Excellent adhesion • Easy to apply • Highly water-resistant Additional information Suitable for Wood, steel, aluminium, plastics, polyester Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 2 : 1 (by weight or volume) Application temperature 15 to 25 ºC Pot life 40 minutes Touch-dry after 24 hours Next coat after 24 hours Colours Opal Spreading rate Depending on application Packaging Sets of 1½ kg and 10 kg Variopox Finishing Filler Two component epoxy filler. Recommended as final filler and for minor repairs under the water line. Contains no solvents. Features • Excellent adhesion • Easy to apply • Highly water-resistant Additional information Suitable for Polyester, wood, steel, aluminium and various synthetics Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 2 : 1 (by weight or volume) Application temperature 15 to 25 ºC Open time 30 minutes Touch-dry after 2 hours Next coat after 48 hours Colours Cream Spreading rate Depending on application Packaging Sets of 5 kg Variopox Finishing Filler T5 A low-temperature curing, two-component epoxy finishing filler, suitable for application at temperatures as low as 5 °C. Ideal for filling holes and irregularities, including those below the waterline. Contains no solvents. Features • Excellent adhesion • Easy to apply • Highly water-resistant • Easy to sand • Suitable for application at low temperatures Additional information Suitable for Polyester, wood, steel, aluminium and various synthetics Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 2 : 1 (by weight or volume) Application temperature 5 to 25 ºC Pot life 60 minutes - 10 minutes Touch-dry after 16 hours – 1 hour Next coat after 24 hours – 3 hours Colours White Spreading rate Depending on application Packaging Sets of 1½ kg and 10 kg Variopox Rolcoating Multi-purpose two-component epoxy coating. Used as a coating for various applications such as floors, tanks and in the engine room. Contains no solvents. Features • Excellent adhesion • Easy to apply with brush or roller • Highly water resistant – good levellings Additional information Suitable for Polyester, wood, steel, aluminium and woodcore Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 4 : 1 (by weight) Application temperature 15 to 25 ºC Pot life 30 minutes Touch-dry after 4 hours Next coat after 24 hours Colours Light grey Spreading rate 6 to 8 m² per litre per layer Packaging Sets of 750 g or 5 kg 31
Applications and product overview - Variopox 32 33 Variopox Glassfibre Tape A fabric tape for the reinforcement of corner joints, applied with or without Variobond. Features • Easy to apply with Variopox Impregnating resin or Variopox Universal resin • Can be coated with IJmopox HB Coating, Double Coat, etc Additional information Suitable for Wood, strengthening various corner joints, edges Weight 260 g/m² Packaging Sets of 5 or 20 metre rolls, 10 cm width Variopox Nylon Roller Specially selected nylon roller for the application of Variopox Impregnating resin, Variopox Universal resin or Variopox Rolcoating. Features • Professional roller • Provides a smooth finish Additional information Packaging Set with 2 pieces, box with 10 pieces Variopox LG Filler Two-component epoxy lightweight putty. To use as a filler. Contains no solvents. Features • Excellent adhesion • Easy to apply • Highly water-resistant • Easy to sand Additional information Suitable for Polyester, wood, steel, aluminium and various synthetics Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 2 : 1 (by weight or volume) Application temperature 15 to 25 ºC Pot life 30 minutes Touch-dry after 2 hours Next coat after 48 hours Colours Light grey Spreading rate Depending on application Packaging Sets of 5 l and 10 l Variopox Twill Fabric A special fabric of glass fibre to make an epoxy laminate. Features • Easy to apply with Variopox Impregnating resin or Variopox Universal resin • Compatible for recoating with IJmopox HB Coating, Double Coat, etc. Additional information Suitable for Polyester and wood, reinforcing various surfaces Weight 160 or 280 g/m² Packaging Sets of 1, 5 or 20 m²
34 35 can then be completed using Poltix Super filler (grey) or IJmofix (white). Polyester – repairing scratches and cracks Through stress on one point, small cracks can arise in the polyester gelcoat in certain places. These are best sanded and then filled with the fine, white IJmofix filler. If it is not possible to sand out this damage, one can also use IJmopox ZF primer for the repair. Using a rubber spatula or squeegee, rub the IJmopox ZF primer into the damaged area. In both cases, this creates a good basis for further application with Double Coat. Polyester – repair with poltix laminating resin A small or large hole in a polyester boat can be easily filled with the help of Poltix Laminating resin in combination with a Poltix Glassmat. If the fibres and polyester resin have separated from one another through damage, it is called delamination. When repairing, these areas must be removed. Then, with the help of Poltix materials, one can again build up a “healthy” piece of polyester laminate. Minor repairs can be carried out with the Poltix repair set, a practical set consisting of resin, glass mat, spatula and mixing cup. Under the generic brand name Poltix De IJssel Coatings offers a range of products based on unsaturated polyester resin. Applications Polyester and steel – small repairs Minor damages to a boat can easily be repaired with Poltix fillers. If it is minor damage, or if small holes must be filled, then Poltix Fibre Filler works well. This filler contains glass fibres that reinforce the surface next to the filling. The repair Poltix Products Poltix - available as: • Poltix Repair Set • Poltix Laminating Resin • Poltix Fibre Filler • Poltix Super Filler • IJmofix Filler Putty Applications and product overview - Poltix 35
Applications and product overview - Poltix 36 37 Poltix Fibre Filler A filler with fibreglass reinforced polyester. Excellent for repairing large holes in polyester boats, tanks, caravans, spoilers etc. Features • Fast curing • Minimal shrinking • To be finished with Poltix Super filler or IJmofix Additional information Suitable for Polyester, wood and steel Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 100 : 3 (by weight) Application temperature 15 to 25 ºC Pot life 6 minutes Touch-dry after 10 minutes Next coat after 24 hours Colours Yellow Spreading rate Depending on application Packaging Sets of 500 g, 1 kg and 2½ kg Poltix Super Filler Multipurpose polyester filler for general use. Excellent for repairing polyester boats, tanks, caravans, spoilers etc. Features • Fast curing • Minimal shrinking • Can be overpainted with various coating systems • Fast and easy to sand. Additional information Suitable for Polyester, wood, steel and diverse synthetics Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 100 : 2 (by weight) Application temperature 15 to 25 ºC Pot life 6 minutes Touch-dry after 10 minutes Next coat after 24 hours Colours Grey Spreading rate Dependent on application Packaging Sets of 500 g, 1500 g and 5 kg Poltix Repair Set Repair kit consisting of polyester resin with hardener, a glass mat, a mixing cup and spatula. Excellent for small repairs of polyester boats, tanks, caravans, spoilers etc. Features • Fast curing • Minimal shrinking • Good adhesion Additional information Suitable for Polyester, steel and various polymers Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 100 : 1 (by weight) Application temperature 15 to 25 ºC Potlife 15 minutes Touch-dry after 25 minutes Next coat after 24 hours Spreading rate Depending on application Packaging Sets of 250 ml including glass mat and hardener Poltix Laminating Resin A universal polyester resin. In combination with glass fibre reinforcement material suitable for the repair of polyester products, such as boats, tanks, spoilers, etc. Features • Fast curing • Excellent in combination with glass fibre Additional information Suitable for Polyester Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 100 : 2 (by weight) Application temperature 15 to 25 ºC Pot life 15 minutes Touch-dry after 25 minutes Next coat after 24 hours Colours Semi-transparent Spreading rate Depending on application Packaging Sets of 750 ml Product overview
Applications and product overview - Poltix 38 39 PRODUCT OVERZICHT Poltix Brush Brush for one-time use for the application of Poltix laminating resin. Also suitable for the application of Double Coat, IJmopox or Variopox products. Features • Handle is not painted • For single use, but can also be cleaned Additional information Suitable for Polyester, epoxy or polyurethane Width 1, 2 or 3 inch Packaging Sets of 12 brushes IJmofix Fine polyester-based filler as a finishing filler. IJmofix is developed specifically for recoating with light shades of Double Coat. Features • Fast curing • Minimal shrinking • Can be overpainted with various coating systems • Fast and easy to sand Additional information Suitable for Polyester, wood, steel and diverse synthetics Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 100 : 2 (by weight) Application temperature 15 to 25 ºC Pot life 6 minutes Touch-dry after 10 minutes Next coat after 24 hours Colours White Spreading rate Dependent on application Packaging Sets of 500 g, 1½ kg and 5 kg Poltix Glass Mat A powder-bound glass mat for the production of laminates in combination with Poltix laminating resin. Features • Easy to model • Compatible with Poltix laminating resin Additional information Suitable for Polyester Weight 225, 300 or 450 gram/m² Packaging Sets of 1 or 5 m²
40 41 repaired or used fillers, then we recommend two to three layers of Double Coat. It is advisable to touch-up repaired spots first with IJmopox ZF primer or IJmopox HB Coating. For small repaired spots, a touch-up with Double Coat is sufficient. Microporosity and crackle in the gelcoat must always be pre-treated with IJmopox ZF primer or IJmopox HB coating before being coated with Double Coat. Steel – perfect finish Double Coat is used in two-component coating system for steel. Three layers of Double Coat applied in combination with IJmopox ZF primer and IJmopox HB Coating offer enough protection and will result in a finish with high scratch resistance and outstanding gloss and colour retention. Wood – finish in colour or transparent with double coat Wood can be coated with the Double Coat system in colour, as transparent varnish or Karaat. Dilute the first two layers with 10% to 15% Double Coat Brush thinner and sand well between the layers. Alternatively, one can also opt for one layer of Variopox injection resin. The wood grain texture is thus filled faster. Next, apply four to five layers of Double Coat as colour, transparent or Karaat to achieve a good filling and high gloss result. If you wish to paint an interior with a transparent varnish, you can opt for Double Coat Cabin Varnish. All surfaces - Double Coat antislip Sometimes, one may want to make ship decks, footbridges, or stairs slip-resistant. Double Coat Anti-slip powder is easy to add to Double Coat. After mixing, you can apply the paint directly with a roller, thus achieving a beautiful, uniform non-slip surface. After complete curing, a safe walking surface is the result. Variopox – UV protection Because epoxy resin is not resistant to the influence of direct sunlight, a finish with Double Coat considerably improves the durability of the paint system. Variopox resins can be coated with Double Coat in various colours or with Double Coat Karaat. A frequently occurring problem with epoxy resin is a greasy surface layer. These must be removed with water and cleaning vinegar and then sanded with 180 grit paper. The epoxy substrate should be fully cured and preferably at least two weeks old before applying the Double Coat system. Under the brand name Double Coat De IJssel Coatings offers a complete range of finishing coats and complementary products. Applications Polyester – coating system Double Coat can be applied directly on polyester without primer or adhesion promotor. Only a surface preparation of degreasing and sanding with grit paper is necessary. When the polyester substrate is only discoloured, one or two layers of Double Coat are usually sufficient. If you have DOUBLE COAT Products Double Coat - available as: • Double Coat • Double Coat Dubbel UV • Double Coat Karaat • Double Coat Anti-slip powder • Double Coat Cabin Varnish Applications and product overview - Double Coat 41
Applications and product overview - Double Coat 42 43 PRODUCT OVERZICHT Double Coat Karaat A transparent pigmented two-component polyurethane varnish for applications where high scratch resistance and gloss retention are required. Specially developed to restore and brighten discoloured and weathered wood or to enhance the colour of new wood. Features • Very scratch resistant • Colourfast • Excellent flow • Long gloss retention • UV protection Additional information Suitable for Wood Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 3 : 1 (by weight or volume) Application temperature 10 to 25 ºC Pot life 2 to 3 hours Touch-dry after 2 hours Next coat after 24 hours Spreading rate 12 to 14 m² per kg per layer Colours Teak, mahogany, or light oak Thinner Double Coat brush thinner, Double Coat spray thinner Packaging Sets of 750 ml Double Coat Degreaser Special degreaser for cleaning surfaces before the Double Coat paint system is applied. Also suitable for removing oil, grease and tar without impairing the gelcoat. Features • Strong degreasing features • Slow evaporation Additional information Packaging 500 ml, 1000 ml and 5 l Double Coat A high-quality two-component polyurethane paint for all applications where high demands are made in terms of scratch resistance and durability of gloss. Features • Very scratch resistant • Colourfast • Excellent flow • Long gloss retention Additional information Suitable for Polyester, wood, steel, aluminium and various composites Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 2 : 1 (by weight) Application temperature 15 to 25 ºC Potlife 4 to 6 hours Touch-dry after 2 hours Next coat after 24 hours Spreading rate 10 to 12 m² per kg per layer Colours 27 standard colours Thinner Double Coat brush thinner, Double Coat spray thinner Packaging Sets of 500 g (standard colours only, 1 kg and 7½ kg Double Coat Dubbel UV A high quality, transparent two-component polyurethane varnish for applications where a high scratch resistance and gloss retention is required. Features • Very scratch resistant • Colourfast • Excellent flow • Long gloss retention • UV protection Additional information Suitable for Wood Mixing ratio Base : hardener = 3 : 1 (by weight or volume) Application temperature 10 to 25 ºC Pot life 2 to 3 hours Touch-dry after 2 hours Next coat after 24 hours Spreading rate 12 to 14 m² per litre per coat Thinner Double Coat brush thinner, Double Coat spray thinner Packaging Sets of 750 ml and 4 l Product overview
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